Many Images presented on this
site-
are Copyright - by
Other Authors , and other
Publishers
and by
Alan B. Macdonald MD
site-
are Copyright - by
Other Authors , and other
Publishers
and by
Alan B. Macdonald MD
Pathology studies have yielded the following :
1. Borrelia spirochetes in corkscrew form can be
seen in cultures of Alzheimer Autopsy brain
(MacDonald JAMA 1986,
Miklossy 1993 ,1994 )
2. Borrelia spirochetes in corkscrew form are
demonstrated by Monoclonal antibodies in
Alzheimer Autopsy brain. Click here
3. Borrelia spirochetes in Granular form are
demonstrated in the GVB hippocampal lesions of
Alzheimer's. (See Poster presentation ICAD
2006)click here
4. Borrelia spirochetes in Cystic form are
demonstrated in the Alzheimer plaques, and are
demonstrated within Pyramidal neurons of the
Hippocampus. ( See In Situ DNA Images)
click here
5. Whole brain DNA digests of Alzheimer brain tissue
demonstrate Borrelia specific DNA sequences of
Flagellin B spirochetal DNA. (See Transfection DNA
Borrelia to Human chromosome 11q data)
1. Borrelia spirochetes in corkscrew form can be
seen in cultures of Alzheimer Autopsy brain
(MacDonald JAMA 1986,
Miklossy 1993 ,1994 )
2. Borrelia spirochetes in corkscrew form are
demonstrated by Monoclonal antibodies in
Alzheimer Autopsy brain. Click here
3. Borrelia spirochetes in Granular form are
demonstrated in the GVB hippocampal lesions of
Alzheimer's. (See Poster presentation ICAD
2006)click here
4. Borrelia spirochetes in Cystic form are
demonstrated in the Alzheimer plaques, and are
demonstrated within Pyramidal neurons of the
Hippocampus. ( See In Situ DNA Images)
click here
5. Whole brain DNA digests of Alzheimer brain tissue
demonstrate Borrelia specific DNA sequences of
Flagellin B spirochetal DNA. (See Transfection DNA
Borrelia to Human chromosome 11q data)
| Discussion of Cystic Spirochetes as links to Pick bodies Lewy bodies ALS Spherical Bodies Alzheimer Plaques |
| Email may be sent to: admin@molecularalzheimer.org |
Link to Medical
Hypotheses
Website
--Transfection DNA - first report of
Borrelia to Human Transfection with 7
patients showing Flagellin B DNA
inserts in Human Chromosome 11q
site
--Plaques of Alzheimer's derived from
Cysts of Borrelia by In Situ DNA
hybridization evidence
--Cyst forms of Borrelia as Unifying
concept for
Parkinson';s , ALS, Pick's, and other
Tauopathies
Click Here
Hypotheses
Website
--Transfection DNA - first report of
Borrelia to Human Transfection with 7
patients showing Flagellin B DNA
inserts in Human Chromosome 11q
site
--Plaques of Alzheimer's derived from
Cysts of Borrelia by In Situ DNA
hybridization evidence
--Cyst forms of Borrelia as Unifying
concept for
Parkinson';s , ALS, Pick's, and other
Tauopathies
Click Here
| Thank you very much for visiting this site The Research support has been provided by Turn the Corner Foundation, New York ,NY and St Catherine of Siena Medical Center, Smithtown, New York |
| Lyme disease in Spinal fluid at Stony Brook Med Ctr followed 8 years later by death from Alzheimer's - case study |
| Spirochetal Forms ( Cystic and Filamentous)inside nerve cells in Alzheimer Hippocampus tissue Click on the Images |
| Corkscrew shaped spirochetes are only one of the possible forms that Borrelia may assume: Namely --Cystic forms --Granular Forms (so called "coccoid ") --L forms --"Bleb" forms and -- "Ring "forms also are present in tissues infected with Borrelia |
| Cyst form of Borrelia invades a nerve cell in Alzheimer's Disease |
| Ring form of Borrelia burgdorferi |
| Spirochetes inside of nerve cells Harvard McLean Hospital Brain Bank tissue Images - used in Molecular Interrogation study for DNA of Borrelia Alzheimer Disease hippocampal neurons Click here |
| Video of Borrelia spirochetal L form Click to see motile spirochete in spinal fluid from Alzheimer patient |
Concurrent Neocortical Borreliosis and
Alzheimer's disease - Human Pathology
1987
Concurrent Neocortical Borreliosis and
Alzheimer's disease - II- Demonstration
of a Spirochetal Cyst Form - Annals of
the New York Academy of Sciences
Click here1987 and 1989 papers on
Concurrent Neocortical Borreliosis and
Alzheimer's
Alzheimer's disease - Human Pathology
1987
Concurrent Neocortical Borreliosis and
Alzheimer's disease - II- Demonstration
of a Spirochetal Cyst Form - Annals of
the New York Academy of Sciences
Click here1987 and 1989 papers on
Concurrent Neocortical Borreliosis and
Alzheimer's
| Borrelia and Alzheimer's disease Lecture With all powerpoint slides -Philadelphia 2005 ILADS National Scientific Meeting -Click HERE |
Gestational Lyme Borreliosis article from
Rheum Clinics N America - Click Pregnancy
Rheum Clinics N America - Click Pregnancy
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| Click here ---Diversity of Borrelia Photos Photo essay and quiz |
| Powerpoint slide show - 72 images "Borrelia and Dementia, Medical Hypothesis" Columbia LDA National Scientific Meeting, Philadelphia , Penn October 20, 2006 Images - Click here - Adobe format Analysis of Pathology of Alzheimer's disease under the microscope - with connections established to DNA of Borrelia burgdorferi Flagellin DNA - Specifically staining Alzheimer plaques and GVB of Alzheimer's hippocampal neurons. Neurofibrillary Tangles derived from intraneuronal infection by Borrelia in the model of SSPE dementia with Alzheimer's tangles in a childhood viral infection dementia. |
| Borrelia Cystic form--- DNA In Situ Hybridization method for staining- Autopsy Case study- Diffuse Lewy body Dementia --Click here to view |
| Paper #5 Medical Hypotheses -- Alzheimer's Neuroborreliosis with Trans synaptic Spread of Infection and Neurofibrillary tangles derived from intraneuronal spirochetes Click here for Abstract |
| "invasion of human neuronal and glial cells by an infectious Strain of Borrelia burgdorferi Microbes and Infection In press Sept 2006Images of infected cells with Annotations - Click here |
| Alzheimer's Disease Round areas of Injury in brain tissue are called Plaques click here to see Alzheimer plaques |
| Comparison of Alzheimer disease Round Plaques with Tertiary Syphilis Infection of human Brain with Round Plaques Identical to Alzheimer Round plaques Click here to See Round Plaques in Syphilis Brain |
| Round areas of brain injury [ Click here to see images] are called Plaques in two Dementia conditions 1. Alzheimer's disease 2. Syphilis ( General Paresis) Rounded profiles of Spirochetes (i.e.) CYSTIC forms cause the Plaques |
| Syphilis Plaques Match Alzheimer plaques slick here Both plaques in Brain are caused by Spirochetal infection |
| Borrelia - 3 forms Cystic (Round) , corkscrew ( spiral) and granular (dot) |
| Borrelia DNA inside of Alzheimer Plaques Click here |
| MANY PROFILES OF BORRELIA CLICK HERE TO SEE ATLAS |
| Click here for Dr P. Collart manuscript (in French) illustration of Granular and Cystic forms of Treponema Pallidum Biology of syphilis in French |
| Granular forms of Treponema spirochetes are dot-like particles which can regenerate the entire corkscrew shaped forms Click here to see granular forms |
| Granules are or variable size Some are small and other granules are large Click here |
| Infectious Alzheimer's - Discussion of evidence from Animal inoculation studies Nature magazine November 2006Click here for link to the article |
| cell wall deficient forms of Borrelia burgdorferi Click here to see images |
| Borrelia burgdorferi motile spirochetes in a Laboratory culture Click here to view video |
| Research papers (6)--Click here Medical Hypotheses - Draft versions with images obtain all 6 papers in one PDF File |
| Granular (dotlike) spirochetal forms are the spirochetal equivalent of Merozoites |
| Dot like forms of Malaria Parasites are called Merozoites (see position #26) These are the smallest form of the Malaria parasite- Note the diverse forms which malaria parasites demonstrate - in a Life Cycle In like manner the diverse forms of Borrelia spirochetes Spiral/corkscrew, granular dot, Cysts and L forms constitute a Life cycle |
| Video of Alzheimer's due to Infection Click here to view Video |
| Website Statement of Purpose Why are there so many Images and So Little Text ?? Click Here to Read Statement |
| NonCoiled Borrelia spirochetes in Skin Click HERE Biopsies of Erythema Migrans from 1983 Berger et al |
| Sample Tissue Histopathology reports for detection of Spirochetes Click here |
| Borrelia Attack Models Lecture May 19 2007 University of New Haven Images from Powerpoint Click Here to view |
| Click Here for Images of Biofilms of Borrelia burgdorferi Biofilms of Borrelia burgdorferi in human tissue -An Explanation of microbial persistence in the Human host > Chronic Lyme borreliosis is a biofilm infection |
| Biofilms of Borrelia burgdorferi Lecture - Click Here for Lecture and images July 7,2008 University of New Haven |
Click here for full text and
graphics
2008 Paper - "Persisting
atypical and cystic forms of
Borrelia burgdorferi and local
inflammation in Lyme
Neuroborreliosis"
Dr. Judith Miklossy and
colleagues
graphics
2008 Paper - "Persisting
atypical and cystic forms of
Borrelia burgdorferi and local
inflammation in Lyme
Neuroborreliosis"
Dr. Judith Miklossy and
colleagues
| Granular forms of Treponema spirochetes are dot-like particles which can regenerate the entire corkscrew shaped forms Click here to see granular forms |
| Granular forms of Treponema spirochetes are dot-like particles which can regenerate the entire corkscrew shaped forms Click here to see granular forms |
Granular forms of Treponema
spirochetes are dot-like particles
which can regenerate the entire
corkscrew shaped forms
spirochetes are dot-like particles
which can regenerate the entire
corkscrew shaped forms
Click here for Transfection Click here for 1995
Publication describing Borrelia DNA transfected to
Human chromosome 11qpublication
Publication describing Borrelia DNA transfected to
Human chromosome 11qpublication
Transfection (Lateral DNA transfer)
Borrelia to Human Alzheimer DNA
Data
Borrelia to Human Alzheimer DNA
Data
Lateral DNA Transfer Articles
and Monograph
lick here for review article
Click here for article on
mechanisms of DNA transfer
and Monograph
lick here for review article
Click here for article on
mechanisms of DNA transfer
| Biofilms of Borrelia Burgdorferi in Chronic Cutaneous Borreliosis American Journal of Clinical Pathology 2008 |
Cases 2,3,4,5,6,7
Links to NCBI database files
DQ188100.1
DQ188101.1
DQ188102.1
DQ188103.1
DQ188104.1
DQ188105.1
Links to NCBI database files
DQ188100.1
DQ188101.1
DQ188102.1
DQ188103.1
DQ188104.1
DQ188105.1
| Click here Alzheimer/Borrelia Molecular Interrogation project 1985 Quality controls and experimental protocol Agarose Gel Electrophoresis of PCR products DNA extracts - fresh Alzheimer disease autopsy Hippocampus slices obtained from Harvard Medical School McLean Hospital Brain Bank |
Primate model of
laboratory controlled
Borrelia burgdorferi
infection
with recovery of Flagellin
b DNA in autopsy brain
and other organs Click
laboratory controlled
Borrelia burgdorferi
infection
with recovery of Flagellin
b DNA in autopsy brain
and other organs Click
DIVERSE FORMS OF
BORRELIA
- AN OVERVIEW
BORRELIA
- AN OVERVIEW
Blebs of Borrelia burgdorferi
contain DNA - an Electron Microscopic
study 1989 Scanning Electron
Microscopy
Membrane bound vesicles separate from
the outer surface membrane contain
linear and circular plasmids
Click here
contain DNA - an Electron Microscopic
study 1989 Scanning Electron
Microscopy
Membrane bound vesicles separate from
the outer surface membrane contain
linear and circular plasmids
Click here