Borrelia Burgdorferi spirochetes
with Monoclonal Antibody H9724 from
Feta Brain tissue Autopsy--Note:   that
long and short
spirochetes  and one cyst form are
demonstrated above-     CYST FORM   
                              AT 9 oclock position
Click on images to
see more
Click in image to see discussion of Spirochetal hieroglyphics and to see more spirochetes cultured from Alzheimer brain tissue
Many Images presented on this
site-
are Copyright -  by
Other Authors , and other
Publishers
and by
Alan B. Macdonald MD
Cysts, Granular forms and corkscrew forms are examples of a spirochetal life cycle
Cystic spirochetal forms are not Just Resting - they are agents of nerve injury
Pathology studies have yielded the following :
1. Borrelia spirochetes in corkscrew form can be
seen in cultures of Alzheimer Autopsy brain.

2. Borrelia spirochetes in corkscrew form are
demonstrated by Monoclonal antibodies in
Alzheimer Autopsy brain.  (Link to be completed)

3.  Borrelia spirochetes in Granular form are
demonstrated in the GVB hippocampal lesions of
Alzheimer's. (See Poster presentation ICAD 2006)

4. Borrelia spirochetes in Cystic form are
demonstrated in the Alzheimer plaques, and are
demonstrated  within Pyramidal neurons of the
Hippocampus. (  See In Situ DNA Images)



5. Whole brain DNA digests of Alzheimer brain
tissue demonstrate Borrelia specific DNA
sequences of Flagellin B spirochetal DNA.
(link to be completed)
Cystic forms and Corkscrew forms interconvert
Borrelia burgdorferi Cystic forms from the Studies of Dr Brorson with Acridine orange
Discussion
of Cystic
Spirochetes as links to
Pick bodies
Lewy bodies
ALS Spherical Bodies
Alzheimer Plaques
Cystic Borrelia - Compare Dr Brorson's Cyst forms with internal Filaments with Drs Alban and Nelson's
Email may be sent to:
admin@molecularalzheimer.org
Link to Medical
Hypotheses Website
--Transfection DNA - first report of Borrelia to Human
Transfection with 7 patients showing Flagellin B DNA
inserts in Human Chromosome 11q site
--Plaques of Alzheimer's derived from Cysts of
Borrelia by In Situ DNA hybridization evidence
--Cyst forms of Borrelia as Unifying concept for
Parkinson';s , ALS, Pick's, and other Tauopathies
Click Here
Thank you very much for visiting
this site

The Research support
has been provided by
Turn the Corner Foundation,
New York ,NY
and
St Catherine of Siena Medical Center,
Smithtown, New York
Link to Recent  Research Manuscripts - St
Catherine of Siena Medical Center Website
CLICK HERE
Cystic borrelia in Alzheimer Autopsy Brain tissues
DATE OF REVISION
OF THIS WEBSITE
March 15,2007
Click here to see Images from
Spirochetal Hieroglyphics file
Poster presentations at ICAD2006 Madrid Spain  [[3 IMAGES]]---DOUBLE CLICK
Here
Touch the Images with your
mouse arrow.
Some of the Images will
link to additional pictures
when you  double-click on  image
Images of Borrelia Spirochetes cultured from Alzheimer autopsy brain  [[ 1 IMAGE]]
Lyme disease in Spinal fluid at Stony Brook Med Ctr
followed 8 years later by death from Alzheimer's - case
study
Spirochetal  Forms ( Cystic and
Filamentous)inside nerve cells in Alzheimer
Hippocampus tissue
Click on the Images
SHORT COILED BORRELIA BURGDORFERI
REFERENCE STRAIN B 31
FROM AMERICAN TYPE CULTURE
COLLECTION Contrasted with Very long
undulating Borrelia burgd from Autopsy fetal brain tissue
stained with Monoclonal mouse Ab H9724
Cystic spirochete at 7 oclock,  Conventional corkscrew forms (2)
OneClickGroup LINK to FULL TEXT Medical Hypotheses Paper on LIFE CYCLE
FOR BORRELIA SPIROCHETES
Researcher Biography Alan B. MacDonald MD
on the
Alzforum website Click Here
Corkscrew shaped
spirochetes are only one of
the possible forms that
Borrelia may assume:
Cystic forms
Granular Forms (so called
"coccoid ")
L forms
"Bleb" forms  and "Ring
"forms
also are present in tissues
infected with borrelia
Cyst form of Borrelia
invades a nerve cell
in Alzheimer's Disease
Ring Forms are part of the Morphologic Diversity of Spirochetes - Borrelia and Treponema both demonstrate ring forms
Compare Cystic forms with Corkscrew shaped forms
Spirochete stained with Silver from Brain of baby who Died from SIDS - Sudden Infant death Syndrome
Non coiled and Straightened borrelia in Fetal Brain in Sudden  Infant Death Syndrome SIDS
Dr Warthin ( inventor of the
Warthin Starry silver stain for
spirochetes) Professor Univ of
Michigan Med School All of the
variations of Spirochetes
demonstrated - EXCEPT - Cyst
forms are not in this TABLE
Double Click to see
Enlarged Warthin
Grid
Bibliography of literature
on Cystic Forms of
Spirochetes - click here
Ring form
and
comparison
undulating
form
See Dr Brorson's Cystic Borrelia forms
by moving the mouse into this picture
Spirochetes inside
of nerve cells
Harvard McLean
Hospital Brain Bank
tissue Images - used
in Molecular
Interrogation study for
DNA of Borrelia          
Alzheimer Disease
hippocampal neurons
Click her
e
Video of Borrelia  spirochetal L form Click to see motile spirochete in spinal fluid from Alzheimer patient  
Concurrent Neocortical Borreliosis and Alzheimer's
disease - Human Pathology 1987
Concurrent Neocortical Borreliosis and Alzheimer's
disease - II- Demonstration of a Spirochetal Cyst
Form - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Click here
1987 and 1989 papers on Concurrent
Neocortical Borreliosis and Alzheimer's
Compare with
Relapsing Fever
borrelia spirochetes
are not as regularly
coiled
Click here
Borrelia and Alzheimer's disease Lecture With all powerpoint slides
-Philadelphia 2005 ILADS National Scientific Meeting -CLICK HERE  
Podcast interview -Clinical
Neurology News - First Interview
[click here] Borrelia and Alzheimer's
disease -
Note: The  iTUNES program(Free from Apple website )          
       or
Windows Media player installed on your computer - is
needed to listen to the interview
Gestational Lyme Borreliosis article from
Rheum Clinics N America - Click
Pregnancy
Click here
---Diversity of
Borrelia
Photos
Photoessay
and quiz
Identify Borrelia -Atypical
Forms - 3 examples
click here
Transfusion of Blood - Risk of Borrelia infection
Powerpoint slide show
- 72 images
"Borrelia and Dementia, Medical
Hypothesis"
Columbia LDA National Scientific
Meeting,
Philadelphia , Penn
October 20, 2006
Images - click here - Adobe format
Analysis of Pathology of Alzheimer's disease
under the microscope - with connections
established to DNA of Borrelia burgdorferi
Flagellin DNA - Specifically staining Alzheimer
plaques and GVB of Alzheimer's hippocampal
neurons. Neurofibrillary Tangles derived from
intraneuronal infection by borrelia in the
model of SSPE dementia with Alzheimer's
tangles in a childhood viral infection dementia.
Borrelia Cystic form---
DNA In Situ Hybridization
method for staining-
Autopsy Case study-

Diffuse Lewy body Dementia
--Click here to view
Paper #5 Medical
Hypotheses --
Alzheimer's Neuroborreliosis
with Trans synaptic Spread of
 Infection and Neurofibrillary
tangles derived from
intraneuronal spirochetes
Click here for Abstract
"invasion of human
neuronal and glial cells by
an infectious Strain of
Borrelia burgdorferi
Microbes and Infection
In press Sept
2006
Images of infected
cells with Annotations -
Click here
Trans-synaptic transmission
of Neuroborreliosis- Related
articles - Results of Pubmed
Search--------Click here
The file contains embedded links
for each of the listed articles - just
touch the  Author's name with
your mouse cursor  above the Title
of the article  -and click =to read the
Pubmed abstract
Tissue definitions
of Alzheimer
disease and their
spirochetal
correlates
Click here
Alzheimer's Disease
Round areas of Injury in
brain tissue are called
Plaques
click here to see
Alzheimer plaques
Comparison of Alzheimer
disease
Round Plaques
with
Tertiary Syphilis Infection
of human Brain with
Round Plaques
Identical to Alzheimer
Round plaques
Click here to See Round
Plaques in Syphilis Brain
Round areas of brain injury [ Click here to see
images]
are called Plaques in two Dementia conditions
1. Alzheimer's disease
2. Syphilis ( General Paresis)
Rounded profiles of Spirochetes
(i.e.) CYSTIC forms cause the Plaques
Syphilis Plaques Match
Alzheimer plaques
click here
Both plaques in Brain are
caused by Spirochetal infection
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this screen
are only a
small
number of
the total
images on
this
website


Click
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on the
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to view
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Also
touch the
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Click the
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on the
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see
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also
touch the
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the
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to see
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comparison
image




click the
cursor on
the image
to see
another
image
which
is related to
it

also
touch the
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to see a
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image
CYSTIC FORM
OF BORRELIA at
7 oclock  with Red
blood cells
AND TWO
CORKSCREW
FORMS(center
and 2 oclock
positions)
Borrelia - 3 forms
Cystic (Round) , corkscrew ( spiral)
and granular (dot)
Borrelia
DNA
inside of
Alzheimer
Plaques
Click here
MANY
PROFILES OF
BORRELIA
CLICK HERE TO SEE AN ATLAS
click here for Dr P.
Collart manuscript (in
French) illustration of
Granular and Cystic
forms of Treponema
PallidumBiology of
syphilis
in French
Granular forms of Treponema
spirochetes are dot-like particles
which can regenerate the entire
corkscrew shaped forms
click here to see granular forms
Granules
are
or variable size
Some are small and
other granules are large
click here
Infectious Alzheimer's - Discussion of evidence from Animal
inoculation studies
Nature magazine November 2006
Click here for link to the article
cell wall deficient
forms of Borrelia
burgdorferi
click
here to see
images
Borrelia burgdorferi
motile spirochetes in
a Laboratory culture
click here to view video
Research papers (6)--Click here
Medical Hypotheses - Draft versions with images
obtain all 6 papers in one  PDF File
Granular (dotlike)
spirochetal
forms are the spirochetal
equivalent of Merozoites
Dot like forms
of Malaria Parasites are called
Merozoites (see position #26)
These are the smallest form of
the
Malaria parasite- Note the
diverse
forms which malaria parasites
demonstrate - in a Life Cycle
In like manner
the diverse forms of
Borrelia spirochetes
Spiral/corkscrew, granular
dot,  Cysts and L forms
constitute a Life cycle
Video of Alzheimer's due
to Infection
Click here to view Video
Website Statement of Purpose
Why are there so many
Images and So Little Text ??
Click Here to Read Statement
NonCoiled Borrelia
spirochetes  in Skin CLICK
HERE
Biopsies of Erythema
Migrans from 1983
Berger et al
Sample Tissue
Histopathology reports
for detection of
Spirochetes
Click here
Second Interview with Clinical Neurology
News - Podcast
Click Here to Listen - Interview #2
Borrelia Attack Models
Lecture May 19 2007
University of New Haven
Images from Powerpoint
Click Here to view
Click Here for Images of Biofilms of Borrelia
burgdorferi
Biofilms of Borrelia burgdorferi in human tissue -An
Explanation of microbial persistence in the Human
host >
Chronic Lyme borreliosis is a biofilm infection
Counter
Biofilms of Borrelia
burgdorferi
Lecture -
Click Here for
Lecture and images


July 7,2008
University of New Haven